ATI TEAS Science Test Preparation 2017

Which of the following does not affect the binding affinity of oxygen to hemoglobin?

1. The levels of hemoglobin within the erythrocyte cells
2. The allosteric regulation of hemoglobin
3. The pH level
4. The partial pressure of oxygen

What is formed in the process of cellular respiration?

1. H2O
2. CO2
3. ATP
4. All of the above

Topic: Human Anatomy & Physiology

Which of the following diseases is caused by vitamin C deficiency?

1. Rickets
2. Beriberi
3. Scurvy
4. Anemia

The correct answer is (C).

Scurvy is the disease caused by vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C is found in fresh fruit and vegetables. Therefore, scurvy used to be highly prevalent in sailors, whose diets lacked fresh produce. Vitamin C plays a key role in the formation of collagen, a protein found in connective tissue. A deficiency of vitamin C is characterized by lethargy, gum disease, edema, and more. This deficiency can be cured by consuming citrus fruits or other vitamin-C-rich foods.

Rickets is a disease caused by vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is synthesized in the human body upon exposure to sunlight. Therefore, Rickets was highly prevalent during the Industrial Revolution in Europe, where children worked in factories and were exposed to very little sunlight while growing up.

Beriberi is a disease caused by vitamin B1 deficiency. Since Vitamin B1 is abundant in whole rice, meat, and legumes, Beriberi is prevalent is certain areas in Asia where the diet is composed primarily of white rice.

Anemia is a disease caused by a red blood cell (RBC) deficiency or by a hemoglobin deficiency. Such deficiencies can be the result of malnutrition, infections, genetic diseases, and more.