The CogAT marks a key milestone as students transition across grade bands and face tests that measure reasoning and not learned facts. It’s a multi-level, battery-based assessment (Verbal, Quantitative, Nonverbal) that is often used for screening, placement, and growth measurement. From my years of experience creating CogAT-style materials, I know what drives success. I’m Ariav Schlesinger, the CogAT specialist at TestPrep-Online.
If you’re looking to help your child or student prepare effectively for the CogAT, this page is the perfect starting point. Here, you’ll find:
Kindergarten | 1st Grade | 2nd Grade | 3rd Grade | 4th Grade | 5th Grade | 6th Grade
Open the page content below to discover everything you need to know about the CogAT test. Our page offers general information along with sample questions to get you started.
The CogAT is a fast-paced reasoning test built around three timed “batteries”, Verbal, Quantitative, and Nonverbal. Each battery is broken into short subtests where students often have less than a minute per question, making time management just as important as skill. Altogether, the exam takes roughly 90 minutes to 2–3 hours, depending on grade level and proctor pacing. Below, you’ll find sample questions by grade to show what this format looks like in action.
Make a logical connection.
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
You see a spider and a spider web. Ask yourself: what is the relationship between these two things? The spider makes the web and lives in it. The web is the spider's home that it creates itself.
You have a bird and an empty box. You need to find what completes this analogy using the same relationship. Think about what a bird makes and lives in, just like the spider makes and lives in a web. A bird builds a nest and lives in it.
Choice A shows a bare tree (the bird doesn't make the tree), choice B shows a nest (the bird builds this and lives in it), and choice C shows a net (the bird doesn't build or live in this). Only choice B shows something the bird creates and lives in, matching the spider and web relationship perfectly.
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
Look at the top left picture. Count the purple circles. There are 4 circles.
Look at the top right picture. Count the purple circles. There are 9 circles.
Compare 4 and 9. Ask, how do we get from 4 to 9?
Compute the difference: 9 minus 4 equals 5.
So the rule that links the left frame to the right frame in the top pair is: add 5 circles.
Count the red triangles in the bottom left frame. There are 3 triangles.
Use the same rule found in Step 2: add 5 triangles to the left frame.
Compute 3 + 5 = 8.
Look through the answer choices and pick the image that shows exactly 8 triangles. That is answer choice (C).
Select the correct answer and say it clearly: Answer (C) is correct.
Choose the right shape to follow the pattern.
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
You have a rectangle divided in half vertically, and it transforms into a square divided into four quarters with opposite corners shaded (top right and bottom left are black).
The shape gets divided into quarters, and the diagonal opposite quarters get shaded. Specifically, the top right and bottom left quarters are filled in black. Now apply this same rule to the bottom row. You start with a circle divided in half vertically. You need to find what it transforms into using the same pattern.
The circle should be divided into four quarters, and the same diagonal opposite quarters (top right and bottom left) should be shaded black. Choice A has the wrong quarters shaded (top left and bottom right). Choice C is only divided in half, not into quarters. Choice B has the circle divided into four quarters with the top right and bottom left shaded, matching the pattern perfectly.
The correct answer choice is B.
Which of these items is used to play board games?
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
Look at each image and say aloud what it is:
Picture 1 is a ball.
Picture 2 is a die (singular of dice). It shows the faces with dots used for random number selection.
Picture 3 is a whistle.
Balls are used for sports and play that involve throwing, catching, or kicking. They are not standard components of board games.
Dice are small cubes with numbered faces that are commonly used in board games to generate random numbers or determine moves.
Whistles are used by referees and coaches to signal stops or starts in sports and games that are played physically, not in tabletop board games.
Apply reasoning to choose the best match.
The object whose common function matches the idea of playing a board game is the die. Board games frequently use dice to control movement, decide outcomes, or add chance.
Select the correct answer and say it clearly: Answer (B) is correct.
Choose what logically follows.
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
You can see there are 6 apples in total in the car. Count the apples in the second train. There are 3 apples in the first car, and the second car has a question mark (this is what we need to find).
The key is understanding that both trains should carry the same total number of apples. Since the first train has 6 apples, the second train must also have 6 apples in total.
The second train has 3 apples plus the unknown number. So: 3 + ? = 6. Solve the missing value. 6 minus 3 equals 3. We need 3 apples in the question mark car.
Check the answer choices. Choice A shows 1 apple, choice B shows 3 apples, and choice C shows 2 apples. Only choice B matches our answer.
The correct answer choice is B.
Look at the pictures across the top. They show a piece of square paper being folded. Then, one or more holes are punched in the folded piece of paper.
Now, look at the answer choices below. Can you click on the answer that shows what the unfolded square piece of paper will look like?
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
The square is folded in half lengthwise. That means the paper layers line up so the left half sits over the right half (or vice versa), creating two stacked layers along the fold. Any punch or cut through that folded stack will create matching holes on both halves of the unfolded square.
While folded, an oval and a triangle are cut out. Because the paper has two layers at the time of cutting, each cut goes through both layers, producing two matching shapes when unfolded: two ovals and two triangles, placed symmetrically across the fold line.
Take each shape on the folded piece and reflect it across the fold line to imagine where its matching shape will appear on the opposite side when unfolded. The relative positions (for example, whether the oval is above, below, left, right of the triangle, or offset) must be preserved in the reflection.
Look at each answer square and check three things: (1) does it have two ovals and two triangles, (2) are the positions of the oval and triangle correct relative to the fold and to each other, and (3) are their vertical/horizontal alignments the same as in the original folded image after reflecting across the fold line. Only the choice that meets all three is correct.
The three pictures in the top row are like each other in some way. Which picture in the bottom row goes best with the pictures in the top row
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
Look at each picture in the top row and ask, What kind of object is this? Notice their shared function or name. In this case each image is a type of brush.
Once you see that all three top pictures are brushes, give the category a short name in your head, for example brush. This gives you a clear filter for the options in the bottom row.
Take the choices one by one and ask, Is this a brush? If yes, it could belong. If no, reject it.
A correct choice should not merely look similar in color or shape. It should share the same functional category. The paint brush is a brush by name and function, so it fits the top row pattern.
Confirm your selection.
After identifying the paint brush as the only brush among the options, choose it and double check that the other options are clearly not brushes.
Answer (C) is correct because it is a paint brush, and the top row contains different types of brushes. The best match is another example from that same category.
Choose what logically follows.
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is A
Let's break this down step by step
Count how many beads are on each vertical string from left to right: 1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3.
Identify the pattern. The sequence goes 1 bead, 2 beads, 3 beads, then repeats again: 1 bead, 2 beads, 3 beads. This is a repeating pattern of 1, 2, 3.
Since the last string shows 3 beads, the pattern should start over from the beginning. The next string should have 1 bead. Eliminate wrong answers. Choice C shows 4 beads, which breaks the pattern since we never go above 3. Choice B shows 2 beads, which would skip the start of the repeating cycle. Confirm the correct answer. Choice A shows 1 bead, which perfectly continues the repeating pattern of 1, 2, 3.
The correct answer choice is A.
Choose the right shape to follow the pattern.
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
Notice that each shape (circle, rectangle, triangle) is divided into two parts by a vertical line.
Examine how the shapes are divided. The key detail is that each shape is split into two uneven pieces. One side is larger (2/3) and one side is smaller (1/3).
See which one follows this same rule of being divided into two uneven pieces.
Answer choice A shows a rectangle divided evenly (both pieces are equal), so this doesn't match. Answer choice B shows an oval divided evenly into two equal halves, so this is also incorrect.: Answer choice C shows an oval divided by a horizontal line into two uneven pieces (top is larger, bottom is smaller). This matches the pattern perfectly!
The correct answer choice is C.
The words in the first pair are related in a certain way. Choose the word that completes the second pair so that the words are related in the same way.
honey → bees : wool →
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
Ask yourself, what is the relationship between these two words?
Honey is something that comes from bees. Bees produce honey naturally as part of their work. So the relationship is: product comes from animal.
You need to find what completes this analogy using the same relationship.
Think about where wool comes from. Wool is produced by an animal, just like honey is produced by bees. What animal produces wool?
Cotton is a plant product. Coat and fabric are things made from wool, not the source. Hair is similar but not specific. Sheep are the animals that produce wool naturally.
Sheep is the correct answer because wool comes from sheep, just like honey comes from bees. Both show the same product-to-animal relationship.
The correct answer choice is sheep.
What number comes next in the series?
[75 → 66] [33 → 24] [58 → ?]
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is B
Let's break this down step by step
Look at the first pair: 75 and 66. Figure out what operation connects these two numbers. What do you need to do to 75 to get 66?
Calculate the difference: 75 minus 66 equals 9. So the relationship is subtracting 9 from the first number to get the second number (75 - 9 = 66).
Check if this rule works for the second pair: 33 and 24. Does 33 minus 9 equal 24? Yes! 33 - 9 = 24. The pattern is confirmed. Now apply this same rule to the third pair: 58 and the missing number. Use the subtraction pattern you discovered. Calculate the answer: 58 - 9 = 49. The missing number should be 49.
Choose the picture that belongs with the bottom picture in the same way the pictures on top belong together.
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is A.
Let's break this down step by step
The top-left image shows a series of concentric squares, all centered, drawn as outlines and unfilled (white interior).
The top-right image shows several square shapes of the same outline as the top-left, but they are no longer concentric and centered. Instead they are repeated, each slightly translated to the right and stacked behind one another to create a layered staircase effect. The stacked shapes are filled with gray.
Moving from left to right in the top row: the single set of centered, concentric outlines is converted into multiple copies of the same basic shape, arranged in a rightward-staggered stack (offset copies), and the copies are filled gray. In short: concentric centered outlines -> multiple offset stacked shapes + fill change to gray.
The bottom-left figure shows concentric hexagons, centered and outlined (white interior), which is directly analogous to the top-left (concentric squares).
According to the rule from Step 2, we must produce multiple copies of this hexagon shape, offset to the right in a stacked arrangement, and filled gray.
Choice A shows hexagon shapes copied, offset to the right in a stacked arrangement, and filled gray. That matches the required transformation exactly.
Therefore choice A is the match.
Find the logical connection.
lemon orange lime
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
Ask yourself what all three of these have in common. Think about the categories these items belong to. All three are fruits, but that's not specific enough. What special type of fruits are they?
Identify the key characteristic. Lemons, oranges, and limes are all citrus fruits. Citrus fruits have a tangy, acidic taste and typically have thick peels.
Apple is a pome fruit, strawberry is a berry, pear is a pome fruit, and avocado is technically a berry. None of these are citrus fruits. Grapefruit, however, is a citrus fruit with the same tangy taste and thick peel as lemons, oranges, and limes.
Grapefruit is the only answer that belongs to the citrus fruit family, making it the correct choice.
The correct answer choice is grapefruit.
Find the missing number.
2 x 6 = ? + 7
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is A
Let's break this down step by step
Look at the equation: 2 × 6 = ? + 7. Remember that both sides of the equation must be equal to each other. First, solve the left side of the equation. Calculate 2 × 6, which equals 12. Now your equation becomes: 12 = ? + 7.
To find the missing number, ask yourself: what number plus 7 equals 12? You need to figure out what value makes the right side equal to 12.
Work backwards from 12. If something plus 7 equals 12, then that something must be 12 minus 7. Calculate: 12 - 7 = 5. This means the missing number is 5.
Check your answer by substituting 5 back into the original equation: 2 × 6 = 5 + 7. Does 12 = 12? Yes! Your answer is correct.
Choose the right shape to follow the pattern.
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is D
Let's break this down step by step
Look at the three shapes in the pattern: a hexagon (green), a circle (blue), and a square (white outline). Count how many sides each shape has.
The hexagon has 6 sides, the circle has 0 straight sides (it's curved), and the square has 4 sides. Wait, that doesn't seem like an obvious pattern at first. Look more carefully. The hexagon has 6 sides (even number), the circle is a special case, and the square has 4 sides (even number). Actually, if we count vertices or corners, hexagon has 6, square has 4. Both are even numbers. The circle doesn't fit this pattern perfectly, so focus on the polygon shapes having even numbers of sides.
Now check each answer choice for even-sided polygons. Choice A (pentagon) has 5 sides (odd). Choice B (arrow) has 7 sides (odd). Choice C (oval) has no straight sides. Choice D (parallelogram) has 4 sides (even). Choice E (heptagon) has 7 sides (odd). Only choice D has an even number of sides, matching the pattern of the hexagon and square.
The correct answer choice is D.
Choose the words that best complete the sentence.
On the surface Ben seems _____ but to all of his close peers he is _____ .
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is D
Let's break this down step by step
"On the surface Ben seems _____ but to all of his close peers he is _____." Notice the signal word "but" in the middle.
The word "but" signals a contrast or opposite relationship. This tells you that Ben appears one way on the surface, but acts differently around his close friends.
You need to find a pair of words that are opposites or contrasting. The first blank describes how Ben seems to strangers, and the second blank describes how he really is with friends.
Awkward and clumsy are similar (both mean not smooth). Peculiar and weird are similar (both mean unusual). Attentive and shallow are unrelated traits. Traditional and observant are unrelated or sometimes similar. Look at shy and outgoing. Shy means reserved and quiet around others. Outgoing means friendly and sociable. These are clear opposites that create a logical contrast. The sentence makes perfect sense: Ben seems shy on the surface, but to his close friends he is outgoing.
The correct answer choice is shy .. outgoing.
What number comes next in the series?
1 5 7 11 13 17 ?
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
The correct answer is E
Let's break this down step by step
1, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, ?. You need to figure out the rule that connects these numbers.
From 1 to 5 is +4, from 5 to 7 is +2, from 7 to 11 is +4, from 11 to 13 is +2, from 13 to 17 is +4. Notice the pattern! The differences alternate: +4, +2, +4, +2, +4. This is a repeating pattern where you add 4, then add 2, then add 4 again, and so on.
The last jump was from 13 to 17, which was +4. Following the alternating pattern, the next operation should be +2. Calculate the answer. Take the last number in the series (17) and add 2: 17 + 2 = 19.
Choose the right shape to follow the pattern.
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
Look closely at the three figures in the top row. Each one contains:
An outer shape (a polygon).
An inner arrow pointing toward one of the corners of the outer shape.
One part is dark blue and the other part is white. In every example, only one of the two elements is shaded.
Across all three examples, the same two rules appear:
Rule 1: The arrow always points to a corner of the outer shape.
Rule 2: Exactly one of the elements (either the arrow or the shape) is dark blue while the other is white.
Now look at the options along the bottom. We need to find the one that follows both Rule 1 and Rule 2.
Check answer choice B carefully.
In answer choice B:
The outer shape is a triangle (which has corners).
The inner arrow points to one of the triangle’s corners.
The triangle is dark blue, and the arrow is white.
This matches the pattern perfectly.
Select the correct answer and say it clearly: Answer (B) is correct.
The words in the first pair are related in a certain way. Choose the word that completes the second pair so that the words are related in the same way.
elusive → understand : challenge →
Wrong
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
The correct answer is D
Let's break this down step by step
Pair: elusive → understand.
Ask: How does elusive relate to understand? Something that is elusive is hard to grasp or catch mentally. Therefore, when something is elusive, it is difficult to understand. The relationship is: X describes something that makes Y difficult. In short: elusive = hard to understand.
Pattern form: A describes something that makes B difficult. Or: A is an adjective or property that causes the action B to be difficult. For the example: elusive : understand = [adjective describing difficulty] : [mental action made difficult].
Given: challenge → _____. We need a word B so that challenge relates to B in the same way elusive relates to understand. That is, a challenge is something that makes some action difficult to accomplish. What action does a challenge most naturally make difficult? To do. A challenge is something hard to do.
Task: a task can be difficult but task itself is not the mental action that is made difficult in the same direct way.
Assertive: unrelated.
Illusion: different semantic field.
Do: matches — a challenge is hard to do.
Catch: can mean to capture or a tricky point; not the most direct match.
Conclude and state the choice.
The word that best completes the analogy is do, because it mirrors the structure: elusive makes understand difficult; challenge makes do difficult.
Find the missing number.
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
The third equation says:
○ = 3
So we now know the exact value of the circle.
Second equation:
12 = ◊ - ○
Replace ○ with 3:
12 = ◊ - 3
To find ◊, add 3 to both sides:
12 + 3 = ◊
◊ = 15
First equation:
? = ◊ + 6
Replace ◊ with 15:
? = 15 + 6
? = 21
Select the correct answer and confirm:
The answer (C) is correct.
Answer (A) 36 is incorrect because it would require ◊ to be 30, which does not satisfy the second equation 12 = ◊ - 3.
Answer (B) 24 is incorrect because it comes from adding incorrectly, such as using 12 + 6 instead of solving for the diamond first.
Answer (D) 18 is incorrect because it would mean the diamond equals 12, which does not match 12 = ◊ - 3.
Answer (E) 12 is incorrect because it suggests using the value of the circle directly in the final equation, skipping the required steps.
Choose the option that fits together with the three given images
Wrong
Wrong
Correct!
Wrong
Wrong
The correct answer is C
Let's break this down step by step
All three example circles show the same three shapes grouped together in a single quadrant. The group always contains:
a small circle near the top of that quadrant,
a triangle below and to the left inside that quadrant,
a square below and to the right inside that quadrant
From the examples we form these rules:
There must be three shapes in one quarter, not spread across different quarters.
The three shapes must be: circle (top), triangle (bottom-left), square (bottom-right).
The shapes must appear together in the same quadrant, in roughly that vertical/horizontal order.
Check whether the choice has exactly three shapes.
Check that the three shapes are circle, triangle, and square.
Check that those shapes are all inside one quadrant and in the correct relative positions (circle above, triangle lower-left, square lower-right).
Find the match.
Only option C meets all three rules: it shows the three correct shapes (circle, triangle, square) together in one quadrant with the correct relative positions. All other options fail at least one rule.
Answer (A) is incorrect because although it includes the three correct shapes, they are placed in the wrong order within the quadrant. The circle must be above, triangle lower-left, and square lower-right; option 1 does not match that ordering.
Answer (B) is incorrect because the shapes are not all in a single quadrant. The group is split across more than one quarter, which violates the rule that all three shapes must be together in the same quarter.
Answer (D) is incorrect because it contains only two shapes instead of the required three. That breaks the rule about the number of items.
Answer (E) is incorrect because it has two squares and no circle. The required set is one circle, one triangle, and one square, so the element identities do not match.
The CogAT shows how your child reasons and solves problems in Verbal, Quantitative, and Nonverbal areas. Here’s what each score means:
For a full parent guide with examples, visit our CogAT score explanation page
Effective CogAT prep focuses on building reasoning habits, not teaching test tricks. Here are four practical tips:
Our CogAT PrepPack is built for every grade band and built with intention. Each activity follows a smart, sequenced progression that mirrors the official CogAT batteries, so students aren’t just practicing; they’re actually thinking better. This isn’t about rote memory. It’s about strengthening the core reasoning skills that drive success in school and beyond.
Parents tell us the PrepPack gives them something priceless: clarity. Instead of guessing what to practice or hoping their child is “ready,” you get a proven roadmap that helps your child walk into test day calm, prepared, and confident.
What’s Included:
A certified teacher with a Master’s in Education and a MAP Growth specialist with over a decade of experience developing MAP-aligned questions that match the real test’s rigor. Ariav creates materials with clear, detailed explanations that build understanding, boost reasoning skills, and help every child perform their best on the MAP Growth assessment.
The CogAT measures reasoning skills in three areas: Verbal, Quantitative (math-based reasoning), and Nonverbal (visual–spatial problem solving).
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No. It measures how students think and learn, not overall intelligence. It focuses on patterns, relationships, and logic.
Students complete three batteries—Verbal, Quantitative, and Nonverbal—each made up of three short subtests. Younger grades use pictures; older grades use words and numbers.
No. K–2 tasks rely mostly on pictures and oral directions. Grades 3+ use reading, number reasoning, and more complex problem-solving. Difficulty arises with age.
Practice with sample questions and simulated test conditions helps, as does building familiarity with test sections; formal tutoring is less critical at earlier grades.
Most commonly in the fall or spring, varying by school district.
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